An interesting dynamic in the classroom, and often a misinterpreted one by outsiders, is the delicate balance of freedom and structure (also known in Montessori as freedom within limits). Because the classroom is orderly (arranged logically to inspire natural exploration and development), the children are free to choose the work they are drawn to. Enticing and purposeful work is arranged by level of difficulty within each discipline (math, sensorial, language, geography, etc.). This environment gives a child a sense of security, stimulates his independence and participation, and thus freedom.
With this certain freedom, comes responsibility. Children understand their responsibility of keeping friends safe. Children come to appreciate the sense of order that is also instilled through behavioral expectations (take care of living things, materials and the environment). Older children and teachers model the expectations for younger children, giving him the boundaries to help him regulate his own conduct.
The liberty of the child should have as its limit the collective interest of the group.
— Maria Montessori
I have long believed that the reason we have so few discipline problems in our Montessori classrooms is because each child innately comes to realize that if he works within the structure (which is simple) – he and his friends can be free and content. They feel secure and successful! What a life lesson this is! It really is the beginning of understanding respect and its resulting peace!
